QUESTION: What is hypothyroidism?

Hypothyroidism is a common endocrine disorder in which the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormones, which are necessary to regulate all metabolic processes in the body.

Because metabolism slows down, patients often encounter symptoms such as constant fatigue, drowsiness, unexplained weight gain, increased sensitivity to cold, dry skin, and memory impairment.

The diagnosis of this condition is based on laboratory blood tests, among which the levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (T4), which reflect the actual function of the thyroid gland, are of key importance.

Since the gland cannot restore its function on its own, the main method of treatment becomes lifelong hormone replacement therapy with synthetic hormone analogs, which are taken strictly on an empty stomach in the mornings.

To maintain health and the correct dosage of medications, patients need to regularly monitor blood hormone levels and visit an endocrinologist every six to twelve months.