Chronic diseases
19 questions
What is type 2 diabetes?
•Insulin resistance.
•Related to lifestyle.
•Symptoms: thirst, frequent urination, fatigue.
•Diagnosis: glucose, HbA1c.
•Treatment: diet, exercise, medications.
How to control hypertension?
•Regular blood pressure measurement.
•Limit salt intake.
•DASH diet.
•Physical activity.
•Medications as prescribed.
What is asthma?
•Chronic inflammation of the airways.
•Symptoms: shortness of breath, wheezing, cough.
•Triggers: allergens, cold, exertion.
•Treatment: inhalers.
•Action plan during exacerbation.
How to live with migraine?
•Identify triggers.
•Headache diary.
•Preventive medications.
•Pain relievers during attacks.
•Dark room, rest.
What is hypothyroidism?
•Insufficient thyroid function.
•Symptoms: fatigue, weight gain, cold intolerance.
•Diagnosis: TSH, T4.
•Treatment: levothyroxine lifelong.
•Monitoring every 6-12 months.
What is arthritis?
•Inflammation of the joints.
•Osteoarthritis — cartilage wear.
•Rheumatoid — autoimmune.
•Symptoms: pain, swelling, stiffness.
•Treatment: medications, physiotherapy, surgery.
How to cope with chronic pain?
•Multidisciplinary approach.
•Physiotherapy.
•Cognitive-behavioral therapy.
•Medications with caution.
•Minimize impact on life.
What is GERD?
•Gastroesophageal reflux disease.
•Heartburn, sour taste.
•Causes: obesity, hernia, food.
•Treatment: diet, proton pump inhibitors.
•Avoid food before sleep.
What is irritable bowel syndrome?
•Functional disorder.
•Symptoms: pain, bloating, diarrhea/constipation.
•Connection with stress.
•FODMAP diet may help.
•Exclude organic causes.
How to live with allergies?
•Identify allergens.
•Avoid triggers.
•Antihistamines.
•Immunotherapy (AIT) for severe cases.
•EpiPen for anaphylaxis.
What is osteoporosis?
•Decreased bone density.
•Risk of fractures.
•More common in women after menopause.
•Densitometry for diagnosis.
•Calcium, vitamin D, medications.
How to manage cholesterol?
•Diet: less saturated fats.
•Physical activity.
•Weight loss.
•Statins as prescribed.
•Monitor tests.
What is gout?
•Uric acid buildup.
•Acute joint pain (often big toe).
•Triggers: meat, alcohol, dehydration.
•Treatment: colchicine, NSAIDs, allopurinol.
•Diet and lifestyle.
How to live with epilepsy?
•Regular medication intake.
•Adequate sleep.
•Avoid triggers.
•Safety: do not swim alone.
•Driving license — discuss with doctor.
What is fibromyalgia?
•Chronic pain throughout the body.
•Fatigue, sleep problems.
•Diagnosis of exclusion.
•Treatment: medications, exercise, CBT.
•Multidisciplinary approach.
Chronic diseases: how to keep a symptom diary and assist your doctor with diagnosis?
For the topic 'Chronic diseases', focus on symptoms and red flags. If your condition worsens, with severe pain/fever/difficulty breathing — it's better to see a doctor.
Chronic diseases: how to manage nutrition and activity during chronic conditions?
Practice for 'Chronic diseases': prepare for your appointment — a list of symptoms, duration, medications, tests, and questions. This makes the consultation more effective.
Chronic diseases: how to control medication intake and side effects?
Answer regarding 'Chronic diseases': do not self-medicate with prescription drugs. Check drug compatibility and follow instructions.
Chronic diseases: which 'red flags' require urgent help?
For 'Chronic diseases', it is useful to monitor dynamics: when it started, what worsens/improves, and any associated factors. This aids diagnosis.