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Basics of Networks
Basics of Networks
100 questions
What is an IP address?
•
A unique device identifier in the network.
•
IPv4: 32 bits, format 192.168.1.1.
•
IPv6: 128 bits, format 2001:0db8::
1.
•
Public IP is visible on the internet.
•
Private IP is within a local network.
What is DNS?
•
Domain Name System — converts domains into IPs.
•
Browser → DNS resolver → root servers → TLD → authoritative.
•
Records: A, AAAA, CNAME, MX, TXT.
•
Popular DNS: 8.8.8.8 (Google), 1.1.1.1 (Cloudflare).
•
DNS over HTTPS for privacy.
How do TCP and UDP differ?
•
TCP — reliable, with delivery acknowledgment.
•
UDP — fast, without guarantees.
•
TCP: HTTP, email, files.
•
UDP: streaming, gaming, VoIP.
•
TCP is slower due to handshake.
What are ports?
•
Numeric identifier of a service (0-65535).
•
80 HTTP, 443 HTTPS, 22 SSH.
•
3306 MySQL, 5432 PostgreSQL.
•
0-1023 — system ports.
•
One IP can have many services on different ports.
What is NAT?
•
Network Address Translation.
•
Converts private IPs to public IP.
•
Allows many devices to use one public IP.
•
Router performs NAT.
•
Issues with incoming connections — port forwarding.
Networking Basics: what is DHCP and how does it work?
On the topic "Networking Basics," start with requirements: what should work, what are the budget/performance/security constraints. Then choose a solution.
Networking Basics: how to diagnose network problems (ping, traceroute, nslookup)?
Practice for "Networking Basics": create a checklist (installation, configuration, backup, updates) and go through it once — this reduces the number of "mystical" problems.
Networking Basics: what is routing and default gateway?
Answer on "Networking Basics": updates and backups are more important than fine-tuning. Automate backups and enable 2FA.
Networking Basics: how to understand speed/loss/delay and where to look for bottlenecks?
For "Networking Basics," it is useful to: find the primary source (documentation, release notes) and reproduce the problem with a minimal example.
Networking Basics: question №10
If the question is about "Networking Basics," start with diagnostics: log, version, reproduction steps. This saves hours.
Networking Basics: what is DHCP and how does it work?
For "Networking Basics," it is better to use simple, supported solutions. Complexity should provide measurable benefits.
Networking Basics: how to diagnose network problems (ping, traceroute, nslookup)?
On the topic "Networking Basics," start with requirements: what should work, what are the budget/performance/security constraints. Then choose a solution.
Networking Basics: what is routing and default gateway?
Practice for "Networking Basics": create a checklist (installation, configuration, backup, updates) and go through it once — this reduces the number of "mystical" problems.
Networking Basics: how to understand speed/loss/delay and where to look for bottlenecks?
Answer on "Networking Basics": updates and backups are more important than fine-tuning. Automate backups and enable 2FA.
Networking Basics: question №15
For "Networking Basics," it is useful to: find the primary source (documentation, release notes) and reproduce the problem with a minimal example.
Networking Basics: what is DHCP and how does it work?
If the question is about "Networking Basics," start with diagnostics: log, version, reproduction steps. This saves hours.
Networking Basics: how to diagnose network issues (ping, traceroute, nslookup)?
For "Networking Basics," it's better to use simple, supported solutions. Complexity should provide measurable benefits.
Networking Basics: what is routing and default gateway?
On the topic of "Networking Basics," start with requirements: what should work, what are the constraints on budget/performance/security. Then choose a solution.
Networking Basics: how to understand speed/loss/latency and where to look for bottlenecks?
Practice for "Networking Basics": create a checklist (installation, configuration, backup, updates) and go through it once — this reduces the number of "mystical" problems.
Networking Basics: question №20
Answer on "Networking Basics": updates and backups are more important than fine-tuning. Automate backups and enable 2FA.
Networking Basics: what is DHCP and how does it work?
For "Networking Basics," it is helpful to: find the primary source (documentation, release notes) and reproduce the problem with a minimal example.
Networking Basics: how to diagnose network issues (ping, traceroute, nslookup)?
If the question is about "Networking Basics," start with diagnostics: log, version, reproduction steps. This saves hours.
Networking Basics: what is routing and default gateway?
For "Networking Basics," it's better to use simple, supported solutions. Complexity should provide measurable benefits.
Networking Basics: how to understand speed/loss/latency and where to look for bottlenecks?
On the topic of "Networking Basics," start with requirements: what should work, what are the constraints on budget/performance/security. Then choose a solution.
Networking Basics: question №25
Practice for "Networking Basics": create a checklist (installation, configuration, backup, updates) and go through it once — this reduces the number of "mystical" problems.
Networking Basics: what is DHCP and how does it work?
Answer for 'Networking Basics': updates and backups are more important than fine-tuning. Automate backups and enable 2FA.
Networking Basics: how to diagnose network problems (ping, traceroute, nslookup)?
For 'Networking Basics': it is useful to find the original source (documentation, release notes) and reproduce the problem with a minimal example.
Networking Basics: what is routing and default gateway?
If the question is about 'Networking Basics', start with diagnostics: log, version, reproduction steps. It saves hours.
Networking Basics: how to understand speed/loss/latency and where to look for bottlenecks?
For 'Networking Basics', it is better to use simple, supported solutions. Complexity should bring measurable benefits.
Networking Basics: question №30
On the topic of 'Networking Basics', start with requirements: what should work, what are the constraints on budget/performance/security. Then choose a solution.
Networking Basics: what is DHCP and how does it work?
Practice for 'Networking Basics': create a checklist (installation, configuration, backup, updates) and go through it once — this reduces the number of 'mystical' problems.
Networking Basics: how to diagnose network problems (ping, traceroute, nslookup)?
Answer for 'Networking Basics': updates and backups are more important than fine-tuning. Automate backups and enable 2FA.
Networking Basics: what is routing and default gateway?
For 'Networking Basics': it is useful to find the original source (documentation, release notes) and reproduce the problem with a minimal example.
Networking Basics: how to understand speed/loss/latency and where to look for bottlenecks?
If the question is about 'Networking Basics', start with diagnostics: log, version, reproduction steps. It saves hours.
Networking Basics: question №35
On the topic of 'Networking Basics', it is better to use simple, supported solutions. Complexity should bring measurable benefits.
Networking basics: what is DHCP and how does it work?
Start with the requirements for 'Networking Basics': what should work, what are the budget/performance/security constraints. Then choose a solution.
Networking basics: how to diagnose network problems (ping, traceroute, nslookup)?
Practice for 'Networking Basics': create a checklist (installation, configuration, backup, updates) and go through it once — this reduces the number of 'mysterious' problems.
Networking basics: what is routing and default gateway?
Answer for 'Networking Basics': updates and backups are more important than fine-tuning. Automate backups and enable 2FA.
Networking basics: how to understand speed/loss/delay and where to look for bottlenecks?
For 'Networking Basics': it is useful to find the primary source (documentation, release notes) and reproduce the problem with a minimal example.
Networking basics: question №40
If the question is about 'Networking Basics', start with diagnostics: log, version, reproduction steps. This saves hours.
Networking basics: what is DHCP and how does it work?
For 'Networking Basics', it is better to use simple, supported solutions. Complexity should bring measurable benefits.
Networking basics: how to diagnose network problems (ping, traceroute, nslookup)?
Start with the requirements for 'Networking Basics': what should work, what are the budget/performance/security constraints. Then choose a solution.
Networking basics: what is routing and default gateway?
Practice for 'Networking Basics': create a checklist (installation, configuration, backup, updates) and go through it once — this reduces the number of 'mysterious' problems.
Networking basics: how to understand speed/loss/delay and where to look for bottlenecks?
Answer for 'Networking Basics': updates and backups are more important than fine-tuning. Automate backups and enable 2FA.
Networking basics: question №45
For 'Networking Basics': it is useful to find the primary source (documentation, release notes) and reproduce the problem with a minimal example.
Networking Basics: What is DHCP and how does it work?
If the question is about "Networking Basics," start with diagnostics: log, version, reproduction steps. This saves hours.
Networking Basics: How to diagnose network problems (ping, traceroute, nslookup)?
For "Networking Basics," it's better to use simple, supported solutions. Complexity should bring measurable benefits.
Networking Basics: What is routing and default gateway?
On the topic of "Networking Basics," start with requirements: what should work, what are the constraints on budget/performance/security. Then choose a solution.
Networking Basics: How to understand speed/loss/latency and where to look for bottlenecks?
Practice for "Networking Basics": create a checklist (installation, configuration, backup, updates) and go through it once — this reduces the number of "mystical" problems.
Networking Basics: question №50
Answer on "Networking Basics": updates and backups are more important than fine-tuning. Automate backups and enable 2FA.
Networking Basics: What is DHCP and how does it work?
For "Networking Basics," it is useful to: find the primary source (documentation, release notes) and reproduce the problem with a minimal example.
Networking Basics: How to diagnose network problems (ping, traceroute, nslookup)?
If the question is about "Networking Basics," start with diagnostics: log, version, reproduction steps. This saves hours.
Networking Basics: What is routing and default gateway?
For "Networking Basics," it's better to use simple, supported solutions. Complexity should bring measurable benefits.
Networking Basics: How to understand speed/loss/latency and where to look for bottlenecks?
On the topic of "Networking Basics," start with requirements: what should work, what are the constraints on budget/performance/security. Then choose a solution.
Networking Basics: question №55
Practice for "Networking Basics": create a checklist (installation, configuration, backup, updates) and go through it once — this reduces the number of "mystical" problems.
Networking Basics: what is DHCP and how does it work?
Answer for 'Networking Basics': updates and backups are more important than fine-tuning. Automate backups and enable 2FA.
Networking Basics: how to diagnose network issues (ping, traceroute, nslookup)?
For 'Networking Basics': it is useful to find the original source (documentation, release notes) and reproduce the problem with a minimal example.
Networking Basics: what is routing and default gateway?
If the question is about 'Networking Basics', start with diagnostics: log, version, reproduction steps. It saves hours.
Networking Basics: how to understand speed/loss/latency and where to look for bottlenecks?
For 'Networking Basics', it is better to use simple, supported solutions. Complexity should provide measurable benefits.
Networking Basics: question №60
On 'Networking Basics': start with requirements: what should work, what are the constraints on budget/performance/security. Then choose a solution.
Networking Basics: what is DHCP and how does it work?
Practice for 'Networking Basics': create a checklist (installation, configuration, backup, updates) and go through it once — this reduces the number of 'mysterious' problems.
Networking Basics: how to diagnose network issues (ping, traceroute, nslookup)?
Answer for 'Networking Basics': updates and backups are more important than fine-tuning. Automate backups and enable 2FA.
Networking Basics: what is routing and default gateway?
For 'Networking Basics': it is useful to find the original source (documentation, release notes) and reproduce the problem with a minimal example.
Networking Basics: how to understand speed/loss/latency and where to look for bottlenecks?
If the question is about 'Networking Basics', start with diagnostics: log, version, reproduction steps. It saves hours.
Networking Basics: question №65
On 'Networking Basics': it is better to use simple, supported solutions. Complexity should provide measurable benefits.
Networking Basics: what is DHCP and how does it work?
Start with the requirements for the 'Networking Basics' topic: what should work, what are the budget/performance/security constraints. Then choose a solution.
Networking Basics: how to diagnose network problems (ping, traceroute, nslookup)?
Practice for 'Networking Basics': create a checklist (installation, configuration, backup, updates) and go through it once — this reduces the number of 'mystical' problems.
Networking Basics: what is routing and default gateway?
Answer for 'Networking Basics': updates and backups are more important than fine-tuning. Automate backups and enable 2FA.
Networking Basics: how to understand speed/loss/delay and where to look for bottlenecks?
For 'Networking Basics': it is useful to find the original source (documentation, release notes) and reproduce the problem with a minimal example.
Networking Basics: question №70
If the question is about 'Networking Basics', start with diagnostics: log, version, reproduction steps. This saves hours.
Networking Basics: what is DHCP and how does it work?
For 'Networking Basics', it is better to use simple, supported solutions. Complexity should bring measurable benefits.
Networking Basics: how to diagnose network problems (ping, traceroute, nslookup)?
Start with the requirements for the 'Networking Basics' topic: what should work, what are the budget/performance/security constraints. Then choose a solution.
Networking Basics: what is routing and default gateway?
Practice for 'Networking Basics': create a checklist (installation, configuration, backup, updates) and go through it once — this reduces the number of 'mystical' problems.
Networking Basics: how to understand speed/loss/delay and where to look for bottlenecks?
Answer for 'Networking Basics': updates and backups are more important than fine-tuning. Automate backups and enable 2FA.
Networking Basics: question №75
For 'Networking Basics': it is useful to find the original source (documentation, release notes) and reproduce the problem with a minimal example.
Networking Basics: What is DHCP and How Does It Work?
If the question is about "Networking Basics," start with diagnostics: log, version, reproduction steps. This saves hours.
Networking Basics: How to diagnose network problems (ping, traceroute, nslookup)?
For "Networking Basics," it's better to use simple, supported solutions. Complexity should provide measurable benefits.
Networking Basics: What is routing and default gateway?
On the topic of "Networking Basics," start with requirements: what should work, what are the constraints on budget/performance/security. Then choose a solution.
Networking Basics: How to understand speed/loss/delay and where to look for bottlenecks?
Practice for "Networking Basics": create a checklist (installation, configuration, backup, updates) and go through it once — this reduces the number of "mystical" problems.
Networking Basics: question №80
Answer on "Networking Basics": updates and backups are more important than fine-tuning. Automate backups and enable 2FA.
Networking Basics: What is DHCP and how does it work?
For "Networking Basics," it is useful to: find the primary source (documentation, release notes) and reproduce the problem with a minimal example.
Networking Basics: How to diagnose network problems (ping, traceroute, nslookup)?
If the question is about "Networking Basics," start with diagnostics: log, version, reproduction steps. This saves hours.
Networking Basics: What is routing and default gateway?
For "Networking Basics," it's better to use simple, supported solutions. Complexity should provide measurable benefits.
Networking Basics: How to understand speed/loss/delay and where to look for bottlenecks?
On the topic of "Networking Basics," start with requirements: what should work, what are the constraints on budget/performance/security. Then choose a solution.
Networking Basics: question №85
Practice for "Networking Basics": create a checklist (installation, configuration, backup, updates) and go through it once — this reduces the number of "mystical" problems.
Networking Basics: What is DHCP and how does it work?
Answer for 'Networking Basics': updates and backups are more important than fine-tuning. Automate backups and enable 2FA.
Networking Basics: how to diagnose network problems (ping, traceroute, nslookup)?
For 'Networking Basics': it is useful to find the original source (documentation, release notes) and reproduce the problem with a minimal example.
Networking Basics: what is routing and default gateway?
If the question is about 'Networking Basics', start with diagnostics: log, version, reproduction steps. It saves hours.
Networking Basics: how to understand speed/loss/latency and where to look for bottlenecks?
For 'Networking Basics', it is better to use simple, supported solutions. Complexity should provide measurable benefits.
Networking Basics: question №90
On 'Networking Basics', start with requirements: what should work, what are the constraints on budget/performance/security. Then choose a solution.
Networking Basics: what is DHCP and how does it work?
Practice for 'Networking Basics': create a checklist (installation, configuration, backup, updates) and go through it once — this reduces the number of 'mysterious' problems.
Networking Basics: how to diagnose network problems (ping, traceroute, nslookup)?
Answer for 'Networking Basics': updates and backups are more important than fine-tuning. Automate backups and enable 2FA.
Networking Basics: what is routing and default gateway?
For 'Networking Basics': it is useful to find the original source (documentation, release notes) and reproduce the problem with a minimal example.
Networking Basics: how to understand speed/loss/latency and where to look for bottlenecks?
If the question is about 'Networking Basics', start with diagnostics: log, version, reproduction steps. It saves hours.
Networking Basics: question №95
On 'Networking Basics', it is better to use simple, supported solutions. Complexity should provide measurable benefits.
Networking fundamentals: what is DHCP and how does it work?
On the topic "Networking fundamentals," start with requirements: what should work, what are the budget/performance/security constraints. Then choose a solution.
Networking fundamentals: how to diagnose network issues (ping, traceroute, nslookup)?
Practice for "Networking fundamentals": create a checklist (installation, configuration, backup, updates) and go through it once — this reduces the number of "mysterious" problems.
Networking fundamentals: what is routing and default gateway?
Answer for "Networking fundamentals": updates and backups are more important than fine-tuning. Automate backups and enable 2FA.
Networking fundamentals: how to understand speed/loss/delay and where to look for bottlenecks?
For "Networking fundamentals," it is useful to: find the original source (documentation, release notes) and reproduce the problem with a minimal example.
Networking fundamentals: question №100
If the question is about "Networking fundamentals," start with diagnostics: log, version, reproduction steps. This saves hours.