Logic and argumentation
6 questions
What are common logical fallacies?
Ad hominem — attack on the person, not the argument. Straw man — distortion of the opponent's position. False dilemma — "either A or B" (there's also C, D). Appeal to authority — "an expert said" (but which expert?). Slippery slope — "if A, then necessarily Z." Post hoc — "after, therefore because of." Circular reasoning — proving with the same argument.
How to verify information?
•Primary source — where is the information from?
•Author — who are they, what is their reputation, conflicts of interest?
•Confirmation — is it supported by other independent sources?
•Date — is it current?
•Quotes — check the context.
•Photos/videos — reverse image search. Tools: Snopes, FactCheck.org, Google Fact Check.
Logic and argumentation: how to distinguish fact from opinion and interpretation?
For the topic "Logic and argumentation," start with the goal (what should be able to do/understand) and limit the scope to 2–3 skills per week. Then establish a schedule and measure progress with small tasks.
Logic and argumentation: how to construct an argument using the thesis-evidence-conclusion scheme?
Practice for "Logic and argumentation": use active recall (questions to yourself) and interval repetitions. 20 minutes of review every 1–3–7 days yields better results than "cramming".
Logic and argumentation: what questions to ask to identify weak points in an argument?
Answer for "Logic and argumentation": learn through projects. Choose a mini-project of 1–2 hours and complete it — this quickly reveals gaps.
Logic and argumentation: how to recognize manipulation in debates and advertising?
For "Logic and argumentation," it is important to get feedback: from a teacher, mentor, or community. Without feedback, mistakes become ingrained.